Risk of Acute Blood Potassium Elevation After Succinylcholine Injection

نویسنده

  • Mohammad Taghi Saeidi Department of Anesthesia and Animation, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده مقاله:

SUMMARY  An abnormal increase in serum potassium afte-r administration of suxamethonium is known to occur in the treatment of burns, trauma, teta­nus and neurological disorders. A table shows how long this abnormal reaction lasts approxi­mately in the different categories. A few cases of cardiac arrest following suxamethonium in­jection are described in detail. The pa;thogene­sis of this abnormal efflux of potassium is dis­cussed. Prophylaxis consists of being aware of the contraindications of suxamethonium men­tioned above and of using only nondepolarizing relaxants in such cases. When there is some special indication for suxamethonium adminis­tration the potassium increase can be mini­mized if the patient is. given a small dose -of nondepolarizing relaxants five minutes prior to suxamethonium injection. The treatment of cardiac arrest due to acute hyperkalaemia is briefly mention. Zusammenfassung  Bisher sind die folgend-en Patienten-Katego­ri-en bekannt, die auf eine Injektion von Succi­nylcholi.n mit einem abnormalen Ansteigen des Serumkaliums reagieren: Verbrennungen. Poly­traumatiker, Tetanus, neurologi:sche Leiden. Falle mit akutem Nierenversagen sind vermut­lich nur dann gefahrdet, wenn sie bereits mit einem hohen Kaliuwert zur Narkose Rommen. Eine TabeHe orientiert i.iber die Dauer dieser abnormalen Reaktion. Zu den letzten vier Pati­engruppen wird je ein Fall vorges:tellt, wo es aufgrund eines durch Succinylcholin induzierten Kaliumanstieges zum Kreislaufstill'stand gekom­men ist. Die Pathogenese dieser ungewohn­lichen Kaliumausschtittung wird diskutiert. Die Prnphylaxe besrteht in erster Linie im Wissen um die·se Gefahr und in der ausschliesslichen Anwendung von nicht depolarisierenden Rela­xantien bei gefahrdeten Pa ti en ten. W o doch bei einem solchen Fall eine relative Indikation zur Anwendung von Succinylcholin besteht, kann das Ansteigen des Serumkaliums durch vorherige InjeMion einer kleinen Dosi:s eines nicht depolarisierenden Relaxans gedampft werden. Abschliessend ist die Behandlung eines durch eine akute Hyperkaliamie zustande gekommenen Kreislaugstillstandes erortert. 

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عنوان ژورنال

دوره 2  شماره 1

صفحات  63- 67

تاریخ انتشار 1973-10

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